[10] Although Frederick wrote to his sister that, "There can be neither love nor friendship between us,"[5] and he considered suicide, he went along with the wedding on 12 June 1733. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg =10, 25. The Revolutionary Wars ended with great success for France and revealed the talent of a new military leader, Napoleon Bonaparte. [166][167] Frederick planned to make him a count. Frederick had wished to be buried next to his greyhounds on the vineyard terrace on the side of the corps de logis of Sanssouci. Foresight ranked among the most important attributes when fighting an enemy, according to the Prussian monarch, as the discriminating commander must see everything before it takes place, so "nothing will be new to him. Schnoor, Stefan and Klinge, Boris (15 May 2011). In 1744, Frederick also gained the minor territory of East Frisia (located on the North Sea coast of Germany) after its last ruler died without issue. To encourage immigration, he repeatedly emphasized that nationality and religion were of no concern to him. The crown prince returned to Berlin after finally being released from his tutelage at Küstrin on 26 February 1732. He spent his time reading, watching dramatic plays, making and listening to music, and regarded this time as one of the happiest of his life. Updates? During the lifetime of both his royal consorts he also contracted two morganatic marriages. The Coalition did very well in 1799, but Russia pulled out. In spite of his father's desire that his education be entirely religious and pragmatic, the young Frederick, with the help of his tutor Jacques Duhan, procured for himself a three thousand volume secret library of poetry, Greek and Roman classics, and French philosophy to supplement his official lessons. [86] The new strict tax system and bureaucracy was particularly disliked among the Polish population, as was the compulsory military service in the army, which didn't exist previously in Poland. Prussian possession of Silesia gave the kingdom control over the navigable Oder River as well as nearly doubling the size of its population, economy and territory. [33] The Silesian Wars were, after all, a mere part of the larger international conflict called the "War of the Austrian Succession" (1740-1748). [182], In 1785, Frederick signed a Treaty of Amity and Commerce with the United States of America, recognising the independence of the new nation. The king joined the Freemasons in 1738 and stood close to the French Enlightenment, corresponding with some of its key figures, such as Voltaire. Frederick, the son of Frederick William I and his wife, Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, was born in Berlin on 24 January 1712. Regency for Prussia "added" to Brandenberg John Sigismund (1572-1619) ... Decided there was more to gain from Poland affairs than trying to put a French King back on the throne The king's criticism led many German writers to attempt to impress Frederick with their writings in the German language and thus prove its worthiness. Some Feuillants believed France had little chance to win and feared a loss might lead to greater radicalization of the revolution. His court musicians included C. P. E. Bach, Johann Joachim Quantz, Carl Heinrich Graun and Franz Benda. Franke, 1738 - 1792, Marriage and War of the Polish Succession, Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein, Frederick Charles, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön, Royal Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, Master and Sovereign of the Order of the Black Eagle. In early September 1741, the French entered the war against Austria and together with their allies, the Electorate of Bavaria, marched on Prague. Those hitherto in power have destroyed the schools, thinking that the uneducated people are easily oppressed. During his reign he commanded the Prussian Army at sixteen major battles (most of which were victories for him) and various sieges, skirmishes and other actions. On August 10, a crowd stormed the Tuileries Palace, seizing the king and his family. [11] In their early married life, the royal couple resided at the Crown Prince's Palace in Berlin. When Frederick ascended the throne as "King in Prussia" in 1740, Prussia consisted of scattered territories, including Cleves, Mark, and Ravensberg in the west of the Holy Roman Empire; Brandenburg, Hither Pomerania, and Farther Pomerania in the east of the Empire; and the former Duchy of Prussia, outside of the Empire bordering the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. By 1772, with his economy largely recovered, Frederick had managed to bring his army up to 190,000 men (making it the third-largest army in Europe), but almost none of the officers were veterans of his generation, and the King's attitude towards them was extremely harsh.