Metabolomics 11:1106–1116. Hyaluronic acid supplements can help increase skin moisture and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Propionic acid (a preservative) (from the Greek words protos, meaning “first”, and pion, meaning “fat”; also known as propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 COOH Contents. Lait 82:45–57. This pathway was identified in bacteria from Salmonella enterica and Roseburia inulinivorans and also from Lactobacillus genus. Lait 75:325–330. 2013). 2). freudenreichii can reduce nitrates, but they do not have the ability of lactose fermentation. https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.200620180, Bhunia AK, Johnson MC, Ray B, Kalchayanad N (1991) Mode of action of pediocin AcH from Pediococcus acidilactici H on sensitive bacterial strains. nov., a new acid-tolerant ω-Cyclohexyl fatty acid-containing Propionibacterium isolated from spoiled orange juice. Nearly 80% of the generated propionic acid is used in the food and the animal feed industry. 2004) also determined the influence of the aforementioned strain on the environmental conditions during the production of trehalose. This reaction is catalyzed by ATP-independent chelatase. 2011). This indicates that the tested microorganisms have the capacity to produce trehalose. 2014). Ekİncİ and Candoğan (2014) evaluated the influence of a mixture of jensenin G and ethylenediaminetraacetic acid (EDTA) toward Listeria monocytogenes and E. coli in pieces of fresh meat. 2002; Warren et al. Because of GRAS status and their health-promoting characteristics, bacteria from the Propionibacterium genus and their metabolites (propionic acid, vitamin B12, and trehalose) are commonly used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food, and other industries. 1983; Murooka et al. 2002). shermanii in environment, where raw glycerol was the sole source of carbon. Butyric acid has other chemical names, including butanoic acid, n-butyric acid, n-butanoic acid and propylformic acid. Natural trehalose consists of two glucose molecules bound by an α,α-1,1′-O-glycosidic bond. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.08.019, Meynial-Salles I, Dorotyn S, Soucaille P (2008) A new process for the continuous production of succinic acid from glucose at high yield, titer and productivity. 2011; Ruhal and Choudhury 2012a https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10886, Weinbrenner DR, Barefoot SF, Grinstead DA (1997) Inhibition of yoghurt starter cultures by jenseniin G, a Propionibacterium bacteriocins. 2015a, 2015b). Taking 80–200 mg daily for at least two months has been shown to significantly reduce knee pain in people with osteoarthritis, especially those between the ages of 40 and 70 years old (23, 24, 25, 26). Wang P. et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/lait:1999110, Raux E, Lanois A, Levillayer F, Warren MJ, Brody E, Rambach A, Thermes C (1996) Salmonella typhimurium cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthetic genes: functional studies in S. typhimurium and Escherichia coli. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2012.04.021, Yu Y, Zhu X, Shen Y (2015) Enhancing the vitamin B12 production and growth of Propionibacterium freudenreichii in tofu wastewater via a light-induced vitamin B12 riboswitch. 2000; Wolf et al. Google Scholar, Guan N, Li J, Shin H, Wu J, Du G, Shi Z, Liu L, Chen J (2015b) Comparative metabolomics analysis of the key metabolic nodes in propionic acid synthesis in Propionibacterium acidipropionici. 1990; Louie et al. The first group comprises species that are present on the human skin and in the oral and the gastrointestinal mucosa, such as Propionibacterium acnes, Propionibacterium avidum, Propionibacterium propionicum, Propionibacterium granulosum, and Propionibacterium lymphophilum (all these are pathogenic microorganisms). Hyaluronic acid supplements can be safely taken by most people and provide many health benefits. © 2005-2020 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. ABC transporters protect producers against nisin, subtilisin, and lacticin 481 (Klein and Entian, 1994; Siegers and Entian, 1995; Rince et al. Google Scholar, de Virgilio C, Hottiger T, Dominguez J, Boller T, Wiemken A (1994) The role of trehalose synthesis for the acquisition of thermotolerance in yeast. P. freudenreichii subsp. Apart from this, P. freudenreichii had significant influence on the decrease of mobility of Salmonella. Biotechnol Bioeng 113:1294–1304. In case of raw P. freudenreichii extracts, OtsA solely utilizes ADP-glucose, whereas pure recombined OtsA, apart from ADP-glucose, also utilizes UDP-, GDP-, and TDP-glucose. Bioresour Technol 114:711–714. Moreover, the biosynthetic pathways of these metabolites and the influence of environmental and genetic factors (Falentin et al.