The judiciary is composed of the Calcutta High Court and a system of lower courts. (Hons) Course in Santali will comprise Six Semesters. biswaroop, Copyright © 2018 MH Sub I, LLC dba Internet Brands. Bankura,Santhal,Tom tom,drum,players,beating drims,jumping,in rhythm,Rathayatra,festival,Salt lake,Kolkata,India. Pitha, a kind of sweet cake, bread, or dim sum, are specialties of the winter season. Kolkata Metro, India's first metro rail system, As of 2011, the total length of surface roads in West Bengal was over 92,023 kilometres (57,180 miles);[117]:18 national highways comprise 2,578 km (1,602 mi)[130] and state highways 2,393 km (1,487 mi). All towns in the districts of: Nadia, North 24 Parganas, Hooghly, Burdwan and East Midnapore are ODF zones, with Nadia becoming the first ODF district in the state in April 2015. In the afternoon, the Naike, along with his companions, visits all the families and distributes Sal flowers. It is celebrated with cultural performances, consisting of folk music; dance, folk theatre and Baul songs. He constructs a number of ‘Pinds’ (altar) and rubs them with cow dung. [39] Following the early conquest of Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji and the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, it spread across the entire Bengal region. [148] India's sole Chinatown is in eastern Kolkata. [97] The mangrove forest also acts as a natural fish nursery, supporting coastal fishes along the Bay of Bengal. There is also a significant Santal minority in neighboring Bangladesh, and a small population in Nepal. All are important cultural events. [192], Rice and fish are traditional favourite foods, leading to a saying in Bengali, "machhe bhate bangali", that translates as "fish and rice make a Bengali". [117]:20 Kolkata is the headquarters of three zones of the Indian Railways—Eastern Railway and South Eastern Railway and the Kolkata Metro, which is the newly formed 17th zone of the Indian Railways. [124], However, over the years due to effective changes in the stance towards industrialisation, ease of doing business has improved in West Bengal. [205], Other major festivals of West Bengal include: Poila Baishakh the Bengali new year, Dolyatra or Holi the festival of lights, Poush Parbon, Kali Puja, Nabadwip Shakta Rash, Saraswati Puja, Deepavali, Lakshmi Puja, Janmashtami, Jagaddhatri Puja, Vishwakarma Puja, Bhai Phonta, Rakhi Bandhan, Kalpataru Day, Shivratri, Ganesh Chathurthi, Maghotsav, Kartik Puja, Akshay Tritiya, Raas Yatra, Guru Purnima, Annapurna Puja, Charak Puja, Gajan, Buddha Purnima, Christmas, Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Adha and Muharram. In 2003 the state government supported the creation of West Bengal University of Technology, West Bengal University of Health Sciences, West Bengal State University, and Gour Banga University. [122] Many major industries such as the Uttarpara Hindustan Motors car manufacturing unit, the jute industry, and the Haldia Petrochemicals unit experienced shutdowns in 2014. [138] There is passenger service to Port Blair on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. https://www.alamy.com/santhalfemale-dancersinyellowred-sariloin-clothbrass-potson-headdancingkolkataindia-image262687551.html. 2012 Syllabus for B.A. Santhal Female,dancers,group,rhythmic,close hands,dance,front,bending, Saltlake,Kolkata. [229] Other major Bengali newspapers are: Bartaman, Sangbad Pratidin, Aajkaal, Jago Bangla, Uttarbanga Sambad and Ganashakti. In our Birbhum District (West-Bengal), the Baha festival is celebrated for two days. Enter your log in email address and we'll send you a link to reset your password. It has previously been bought for a multiple re-use license which is still valid. Gambhira. Sorry your purchase has been declined because your account is on hold. [147] The Darjeeling district also has a large Nepali immigrant population, making Nepali a widely spoken language there. [118] Important manufacturing industries include: engineering products, electronics, electrical equipment, cables, steel, leather, textiles, jewellery, frigates, automobiles, railway coaches and wagons. [161] Scheduled castes and tribes form 28.6% and 5.8% of the population, respectively, in rural areas and 19.9% and 1.5%, respectively, in urban areas. 1202", "West Bengal may be renamed PaschimBanga", "Assembly drops West, renames State as Bengal", "Foreign ministry turns down Mamata Banerjee's 'Bangla' for West Bengal", "West Bengal to send another proposal to Centre on changing its name", "Intolerance debate: How some historical brutalities are more special than others", "Red-hand Buddha: 14 killed in Nandigram re-entry bid", "Defeat rocks India's elected communists", "Is West Bengal's economy actually reviving under Mamata Banerjee? … I also like the uniquely low POV you've chosen. Bengal's TFR of 1.6 roughly equals that of Canada. [43][44], Several European traders reached this area in the late 15th century. From the 3rd to the 6th centuries CE, the kingdom of Magadha served as the seat of the Gupta Empire. Copyright complaints ~
Tribal,Santhal,females,on a,festival day,going,to,forest,in,Lalgarh,valley,Jungalmahal,West Bengal, India. [102] The state has one autonomous region, the Gorkhaland Territorial Administration. Both West and East Bengal experienced large influxes of refugees during and after partition in 1947. Considering this limitation, 28 years ago then registered societies of Ghosaldanga and Bishnubati started to organize the Adibasi Baha Parab which is an extension of the traditional Baha festival. There are numerous ways of cooking fish depending on its texture, size, fat content and bones. West Bengal (/bɛnˈɡɔːl/) is a state in the eastern region of India along the Bay of Bengal. It often covers issues related to gender and land rights. [57], The state's economic recovery gathered momentum after the central government introduced economic liberalisations in the mid-1990s. [56] The 1974 smallpox epidemic killed thousands. These spots could be a bush, a forest, any water body, a roadside space or simply a barren land. Santali dramas ‘Kriya’ and ‘Monetabon bodolabon’ were also staged by Sidu Kanu Smriti Sangha of Nildanga and Kalitola Sporting Club. [198][199], Bengali women commonly wear the sari, often distinctly designed according to local cultural customs. It consisted of several janapadas, or kingdoms. [183] From the early 1990s, new genres of music have emerged, including what has been called Bengali Jeebonmukhi Gaan (a modern genre based on realism). WBPCC Human Rights Cell organized a colorful rally from Bidhan Bhawan to ParK Cirus to observe Human Right Day. GSDP at current prices (base 2004–2005) has increased from Rs 2,086.56 billion in 2004–05 to Rs 8,00,868 crores in 2014–2015,[112] reaching Rs 10,21,000 crores in 2017–18. [28] Bengal had overseas trade relations with Suvarnabhumi (Burma, Lower Thailand, the Lower Malay Peninsula and Sumatra). [5] The state government debt of ₹4.0 lakh crore (US$56 billion), or 32.6% of GSDP, is fifth highest India, but has dropped from 40.65% since 2010–11. He murdered Rajyavardhana, the Buddhist king of Thanesar, and is noted for destroying the Bodhi tree at Bodhgaya, and replacing Buddha statues with Shiva lingams. [206], Ganga Sagar Mela coincides with the Makar Sankranti, and hundreds of thousands of Hindu pilgrims converge where the river Ganges meets the sea to bathe en masse during this fervent festival.[205]. Particularly on cultural occasions, men also wear traditional costumes such as the panjabi with dhuti while women wear salwar kameez or sari. Unfortunately, these good intentions are far removed from reality, as I found in the course of a two-year study I conducted in the Burdwan and Birbhum districts of West Bengal. [202] The five-day-long colourful Hindu festival includes intense celebration across the state. [93] The predominant commercial tree species is Shorea robusta, commonly known as the sal tree. Credit: Saikat Paul/Pacific Press/Alamy Live News, https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kolkata-india-10th-dec-2015-wbpcc-human-rights-cell-organized-a-colorful-91430229.html, Local traditional dressed Santali women are preparing themselves for a dance with tourists at Sonajhuri haat near Santiniketan, Bolpur in the Birbhum, https://www.alamy.com/local-traditional-dressed-santali-women-are-preparing-themselves-for-a-dance-with-tourists-at-sonajhuri-haat-near-santiniketan-bolpur-in-the-birbhum-image215629618.html. Chata Parab - Tribal,Santhal,drummers,female,dancers,in,,sari,performing, in Chata Utsav at Purulia. Vernacular newspapers such as those in Hindi, Nepali, Gujarati, Odia, Urdu and Punjabi are also read by a select readership. Tips | Indian culture viewed from a multidimensional perspective, Call for fulfillment of the rights of indigenous peoples – Unicef & Unesco, Endangered languages: Peoples’ Linguistic Survey of India, Speech communities deserve dignity and respect – UNESCO lecture, Tribal Research and Training Institutes & Ethnographic Museums, An alphabetical journey across India (interactive map), A virtual journey across India (interactive map), A virtual journey across time and space (interactive map), Locations for video documentaries and references to external media contents (interactive map), Places associated with press reports and blogs devoted to India’s tribal cultural heritage (interactive map), PVTG – Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups listed by the Government of India (interactive map), Seven Sister States of northeastern India (interactive map), Visit a museum collection in India (interactive map), Custom search engines for teachers, students and researchers, Custom search engine 1 – Indian Govt., research, NGOs & UN, Custom search engine 2 – Indigenous knowledge: biodiversity, ecology, health & nature, Custom search engine 3 – Indian magazines and web portals, Custom search engine 4 – Indian press coverage, Custom search engine 5 – Indian publishers of educational and children’s books, Custom search engine 6 – Indian publishers of scholarly books, fiction and poetry, Find titles and authors quickly – WorldCat.org library search, Names of tribal communities, regions and states of India, Categories: topics relating to India’s tribal culture – sitemap, Tip | How to improve the living conditions for India’s tribal communities: World Water Day held annually on 22 March – United Nations, Google custom search – Indian press coverage of tribal culture and education, Audio | Santali Traditional and Fusion Songs: Ghosaldanga Bishnubati Adibasi Trust – West Bengal, Infusing the Santhali Element in Schooling by Rina Mukherji, “Santals Celebrate the Seasons”: Creativity fostered by Ashadullapur Gramin Silpa & Sastha Bidhan Kendra – West Bengal, Santals as a community: A brief introduction to their culture and approach to development, Santal village development and social work inspired by Rabindranath Tagore: Visva-Bharati’s Sriniketan – West Bengal, “Saving our heritage”: An insider’s article on modern education and cooperation in support of Adivasi traditions and values – West Bengal, The Importance of a Community Museum: Its Role in the Education and the Development of the Santals – West Bengal, Slideshow | Views of Santal villages near Santiniketan: Visiting the Museum of Santal Culture – West Bengal, Video | Roots and Branches: The Lifeworld of an Enlightened Villager in West Bengal, Video | Santali video album “Ale Ato” (Our Village, Part 1 of 2) – West Bengal, Safe Search: NGOs, Indian Government & universities, Adivasi, Tribals & Denotified tribes – Classifications, Tribal identity & terminology: UN Forum on Indigenous Issues, Ethics in journalism: Covering Deprivation (Asian College of Journalism), The Johar eJournal: The tribal way of life, PARI Rural people speak about their lives: photos, film & more, UN journalism video: Misinformation in times of coronavirus, Biological Diversity: MS Swaminathan Foundation & UN Convention, Interactive map: Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups, Journalism without Fear or Favour, The Committee to Protect Journalists & UN, Tribal communities recognized by the government (Census 2011).